3D file formats: which one do you actually need?

GLB, USDZ, OBJ, STL, PLY, and 3MF, in plain English.

The right 3D file format depends on where the model is going: the web and game engines want GLB, Apple AR wants USDZ, 3D printing wants STL or 3MF, and editing tools use OBJ or PLY. 3D Mate exports all six, so you can pick per destination. Here is what each one is for.

FormatBest forCarries
GLBWeb, game engines (Unity, Unreal, Godot, three.js)Geometry + textures, compact single file
USDZApple AR Quick Look (iPhone, iPad, Vision Pro)Geometry + textures, Pixar USD package
OBJEditing and interchange (Blender, ZBrush)Geometry + separate material/texture files
STL3D printing (universal)Geometry only, no color
3MFModern 3D printing (Bambu Studio, PrusaSlicer)Geometry + color + real units
PLYPoint clouds, scanning, researchGeometry + per-vertex color

For the web and games: GLB

GLB is the binary form of glTF, a compact single file that carries geometry and textures together. It is the default for the web (via model-viewer or three.js) and for game engines. See GLB vs USDZ and game assets.

For Apple AR: USDZ

USDZ is Apple's AR format, opened instantly by Quick Look on iPhone, iPad, and Vision Pro. Read what a USDZ file is and the augmented reality page.

For 3D printing: STL or 3MF

STL is the universal printing format (geometry only). 3MF is the modern choice, carrying color and real units, and is preferred by Bambu Studio and PrusaSlicer. Either way the file must be watertight: see what a watertight mesh is and the 3D printing guide.

FAQ

What 3D file formats does 3D Mate export?
GLB, USDZ, OBJ, STL, PLY, and 3MF, plus transparent PNG stills and turntable video. You export per destination.
Which format should I use for 3D printing?
3MF when your slicer supports it, since it carries units and color cleanly; STL works everywhere. 3D Mate exports both, watertight and print-ready.
Which format works on the web?
GLB. It is compact, carries textures, and loads in browsers and game engines. For Apple AR, use USDZ.